Engineering Majors 101: A Guide to Navigating the World of Engineering

Engineering is a field that combines creativity and innovation with problem-solving and critical thinking. As an engineering student, you will have the opportunity to design and develop new technologies, improve existing systems, and solve real-world problems. However, with so many branches of engineering to choose from, it can be challenging to decide which major is the best fit for you. In this article, we will explore the different branches of engineering, provide examples of classes you can expect to take, and discuss potential career opportunities in each field.

First, let’s start with the basics: what is engineering? Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, and systems. Engineers use their knowledge of physics, mathematics, and materials science to create solutions to real-world problems. There are many branches of engineering, including mechanical, electrical, civil, chemical, and computer engineering, to name a few.

Mechanical engineering is one of the oldest and most broad engineering disciplines. It involves the design, development, and construction of mechanical systems and machines, such as engines, turbines, and robots. In a mechanical engineering program, you can expect to take classes in fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and mechanics. Additionally, you will learn how to use CAD software and 3D modeling to design mechanical systems. Mechanical engineers work in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, and manufacturing. They may also work in research and development, designing new technologies and products.

Electrical engineering is another broad field that involves the study of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. Electrical engineers design, develop, and test electronic devices and systems, such as computers, smartphones, and power grids. They also work on communication systems, such as radio and television broadcasting and satellite communication. In an electrical engineering program, you can expect to take classes in circuit analysis, digital electronics, and signal processing. Electrical engineers often work in technology companies, research, and development, or in consulting.

Civil engineering deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and buildings. Civil engineers also work on water management systems, such as dams and canals, and environmental projects, such as waste management and pollution control. In a civil engineering program, you can expect to take classes in structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, and environmental engineering. Civil engineers can work in construction, consulting, or in government agencies.


Chemical engineering is the application of physical and chemical principles to the design and operation of industrial processes. Chemical engineers work in a variety of industries, including pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and energy. They also work on environmental projects, such as pollution control and waste management. In a chemical engineering program, you can expect to take classes in thermodynamics, kinetics, and transport phenomena. Chemical engineers often work in the chemical, oil, and gas industries, or in research and development.

Computer engineering is a relatively new field that combines the principles of electrical engineering and computer science. Computer engineers design and develop computer systems, including hardware and software. They also work on the design of computer networks, and the development of artificial intelligence and machine learning systems. In a computer engineering program, you can expect to take classes in computer architecture, programming, and data structures. Computer engineers can work in technology companies, research and development, or in consulting.

Aerospace engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, development, and construction of aircraft, spacecraft, and missiles. Aerospace engineers work on aircraft propulsion systems, such as engines and turbines, and on the design of the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft.


Aerospace engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the design, development, and construction of aircraft, spacecraft, and missiles. Aerospace engineers work on aircraft propulsion systems, such as engines and turbines, and on the design of the aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft. In an aerospace engineering program, you can expect to take classes in aerodynamics, propulsion, and aerospace materials. Aerospace engineers often work in the aerospace industry, in government agencies, or in research and development.

Materials engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the properties and behavior of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Materials engineers work on the development of new materials, as well as the improvement of existing materials. They also work on the design and development of products made from these materials. In a materials engineering program, you can expect to take classes in materials science, mechanics of materials, and materials processing. Materials engineers can work in a variety of industries such as aerospace, automotive, and biomedical.

Nuclear engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the application of nuclear science and technology. Nuclear engineers design, develop, and operate nuclear power plants, and work on the management of nuclear waste. They also work on the development of medical imaging and cancer treatment equipment. In a nuclear engineering program, you can expect to take classes in nuclear physics, radiation protection, and reactor engineering. Nuclear engineers can work in the nuclear power industry, in government agencies, or in research and development.

In conclusion, engineering is a diverse and challenging field that offers a variety of specializations and career opportunities. It’s important to research different branches of engineering, speak with professors and professionals in the field, and review job opportunities in the industry to make an informed decision about which major is right for you. By exploring the classes you can expect to take, and the potential career opportunities in each field, you can set yourself on the path to a successful and fulfilling career in engineering. Remember to keep an open mind and don’t hesitate to change your major if you realize it’s not the right fit for you.